Yesterday in the PyAr mailing list a "silly" subject appeared: how would you translate spanish to rosarino?
For those reading in english: think of rosarino as a sort of pig latin, where the tonic vowel X is replaced with XgasX, thus "rosario" -> "rosagasario".
In english this would be impossible, but spanish is a pretty regular language, and a written word has enough information to know how to pronounce it, including the location of the tonic vowel, so this is possible to do.
Here is the thread.
It's looong but, final outcome, since I am a nerd, and a programmerm and programmers program, I wrote it.
What surprised me is that as soon as I started doing it, this throwaway program, completely useless...I did it cleanly.
I used doctrings.
I used doctests.
I was careful with unicode.
Comments are adequate
Factoring into functions is correct
A year ago I wouldn't have done that. I think I am finishing a stage in my (slow, stumbling) evolution as a programmer, and am coding better than before.
I had a tendency to, since python lets you write fast, write fast and dirty. Or slow and clean. Now I can code fast and clean, or at least cleaner.
BTW: this would be an excellent exercise for "junior" programmers!
It involves string manipulation which may (or may not) be handled with regexps.
Using tests is very quickly rewarding
Makes you "think unicode"
The algorithm itself is not complicated, but tricky.
BTW: here is the (maybe stupidly overthought) program, gaso.py:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Éste es el módulo gasó.
Éste módulo provee la función gasear. Por ejemplo:
>>> gasear(u'rosarino')
u'rosarigasino'
"""
import unicodedata
import re
def gas(letra):
'''dada una letra X devuelve XgasX
excepto si X es una vocal acentuada, en cuyo caso devuelve
la primera X sin acento
>>> gas(u'a')
u'agasa'
>>> gas (u'\xf3')
u'ogas\\xf3'
'''
return u'%sgas%s'%(unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', letra).encode('ASCII', 'ignore'), letra)
def umuda(palabra):
'''
Si una palabra no tiene "!":
Reemplaza las u mudas de la palabra por !
Si la palabra tiene "!":
Reemplaza las "!" por u
>>> umuda (u'queso')
u'q!eso'
>>> umuda (u'q!eso')
u'queso'
>>> umuda (u'cuis')
u'cuis'
'''
if '!' in palabra:
return palabra.replace('!', 'u')
if re.search('([qg])u([ei])', palabra):
return re.sub('([qg])u([ei])', u'\\1!\\2', palabra)
return palabra
def es_diptongo(par):
'''Dado un par de letras te dice si es un diptongo o no
>>> es_diptongo(u'ui')
True
>>> es_diptongo(u'pa')
False
>>> es_diptongo(u'ae')
False
>>> es_diptongo(u'ai')
True
>>> es_diptongo(u'a')
False
>>> es_diptongo(u'cuis')
False
'''
if len(par) != 2:
return False
if (par[0] in 'aeiou' and par[1] in 'iu') or \
(par[1] in 'aeiou' and par[0] in 'iu'):
return True
return False
def elegir_tonica(par):
'''Dado un par de vocales que forman diptongo, decidir cual de las
dos es la tónica.
>>> elegir_tonica(u'ai')
0
>>> elegir_tonica(u'ui')
1
'''
if par[0] in 'aeo':
return 0
return 1
def gasear(palabra):
"""
Convierte una palabra de castellano a rosarigasino.
>>> gasear(u'rosarino')
u'rosarigasino'
>>> gasear(u'pas\xe1')
u'pasagas\\xe1'
Los diptongos son un problema a veces:
>>> gasear(u'cuis')
u'cuigasis'
>>> gasear(u'caigo')
u'cagasaigo'
Los adverbios son especiales para el castellano pero no
para el rosarino!
>>> gasear(u'especialmente')
u'especialmegasente'
"""
#from pudb import set_trace; set_trace()
# Primero el caso obvio: acentos.
# Lo resolvemos con una regexp
if re.search(u'[\xe1\xe9\xed\xf3\xfa]',palabra):
return re.sub(u'([\xe1\xe9\xed\xf3\xfa])',lambda x: gas(x.group(0)),palabra,1)
# Siguiente problema: u muda
# Reemplazamos gui gue qui que por g!i g!e q!i q!e
# y lo deshacemos antes de salir
palabra=umuda(palabra)
# Que hacemos? Vemos en qué termina
if palabra[-1] in 'nsaeiou':
# Palabra grave, acento en la penúltima vocal
# Posición de la penúltima vocal:
pos=list(re.finditer('[aeiou]',palabra))[-2].start()
else:
# Palabra aguda, acento en la última vocal
# Posición de la última vocal:
pos=list(re.finditer('[aeiou]',palabra))[-1].start()
# Pero que pasa si esa vocal es parte de un diptongo?
if es_diptongo(palabra[pos-1:pos+1]):
pos += elegir_tonica(palabra[pos-1:pos+1])-1
elif es_diptongo(palabra[pos:pos+2]):
pos += elegir_tonica(palabra[pos:pos+2])
return umuda(palabra[:pos]+gas(palabra[pos])+palabra[pos+1:])
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
